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Library>Culture ABC>Folk Way>Ethnic Costumes

Hui

The typical costume of men of the Hui ethnic minority includes a white or black skullcap, a white short gown with a black waistcoat in summer. Women often wear a head covering that covers the head and shoulders entirely, leaving only the face exposed. The color of the head covering varies with
age. Young women usually wear green head coverings, middle-aged women black and old women white. Nowadays, except that middle-aged women wear black head coverings, young women or unmarried girls just wear white caps or kerchiefs in various colors. Unmarried girls usually plait their hair and do
not ware kerchiefs. Some middle-aged and young women wear jewels such as earrings and finger rings. Sheikh and imams wear a specially designed green overcoat.

However, since Hui people often live together with other ethnic groups, they often dress in a similar way to the local people. For instance, Hui people in Diqing and the local Tibetan people wear clothes in the similar style; Hui women in Xishuangbanna wear narrow-sleeved succinct upper garments
and pailform skirts, which are nearly the same to those worn by the Dai people; Hui people living in areas of the Bai ethnic minority favor white clothes as the local people do; and those living with Han people dress themselves in Han-style clothes.

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Library>China ABC>Religion>Buddhist Art

Buddhist Sculpture

The formal record for Chinese Buddhist sculpture appeared after 200. The first definite record of Buddhist sculpture in Chinese history was made in the Three Kingdoms Period (220-280), which records that There is a golden bronzefigure of Buddha in Futu Ancestral Hall.

The extant golden bronze figure of Buddha built in the fourth year (338) of the Jianwu reign of the Latter Zhao Dynasty is the earliest Buddha with definite record inChina. It also indicates that individual Buddhist sculptures with a fixed model had been popular by then inChina.

Once introduced intoChina, figures of Buddha inIndiawere altered according to Chinese aesthetic conception and standard. Figures of Buddha in the early stage of Buddhist sculpture featured a full round face, fat and strong body and calm expression. After Emperor Xiaowen succeeded to the throne, he
carried out a policy to promote the customs of Han nationality and moved his capital toLuoyangCity. Figures of Buddha, influenced by the style of “elegance and delicacy”, featured a thin face and elegant bearing, which was a combination of the styles of the Southern Wei (420-589) and Northern Wei
(386-581) dynasties with Longmen Grottoes as the representative.

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Library>China ABC>Media>Publishing

Chung Hwa Book Corporation

Chung Hwa Book Corporation, established in January 1912, is one of the presses with the longest history inChina. It was established inShanghaiby Mr. Lu Feikui (Bohong). At the beginning of its establishment, it pursued the purpose of “open the wisdom of the people”. It mainly edited and published
various textbooks, which played an active role in disseminating science and cultural knowledge, and promoting new education.

In the period from its establishment to 1949, Chung Hwa Book Corporation had published more than 5,800 titles of books in various categories, such as social science, natural science, literature and arts, important ancient books and children’s books. It had set up more than 50 branches and more
than 1,000 distributing divisions all overChina. It had also set up branches inSingapore,Hong Kong, andTaiwanareas. Its business extended all over the country, and gradually overseas. It is one of the several large-scale comprehensive publishing enterprises inChinaat that time.

After the founding of the People’s Republic ofChina, in May 1954, Chung Hwa Book Corporation was in a state-private joint ownership. The headquarters was moved toBeijing, at the same time, maintaining the Shanghai Agency of Chung Hwa Book Corporation inShanghai, which was regrouped into the
Shanghai Editorial Institute of Chung Hwa Book Corporation in 1958. In the same year, the ancient books sorting and publishing planning team of the State Council was set up, and Chung Hwa Book Corporation was part of the team. It then became a professional press that sorted and published books on
ancient and modern literature, history, philosophy, language, and relevant academic works, and popular reading materials. It undertakes the basic projects of sorting state-level ancient books. Since 1949, Chung Hwa Book Corporation has published more than 7,000 titles of books.

In recent years, seven kinds of books published by Chung Hwa Book Corporation have won national book awards, and nearly 100 kinds of books have won the China Book Awards, Excellent Book Awards set by presses directly under the General Administration of Press and Publishing, and Excellent Book
Awards for Chinese Ancient Books, so it is the press that can best represent the publishing level of Chinese ancient books and academic works.

Chung Hwa Book Corporation not only has abundant editors and publishing resources accumulated in 80 years, but also has rich property and real estate resources, namely, the new office building of more than 10 thousand square meters, a factory, and a printing factory covering 80 mu (15 mu=1
hectare), which all have broad developing prospect.

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